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Physiotherapy clinic in Tambaram Are you Looking for Physiotherapy Treatment in Tambaram, Sunshine Super Speciality Physiotherapy Clinic, We Provide Electrotherapy, Exercise and Manual Therapy, Orthopedic, Neuro, Cardio, Pediatric, Sports and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Post Operative Physiotherapy Treatment, Fracture Rehabilitation, pain free movement. Pathophysiology of Somatic Referred Pain 💡 👉Referred pain is pain perceived in a region innervated by nerves other than those innervating the source of the pain (https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-642-28753-4_4062, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26098437/). 👉 Somatic referred pain is explicitly somatic pain that becomes referred. The term is used to distinguish referred pain that arises from the musculoskeletal tissues of the body from visceral referred pain. 👉It is clear that referred pain is common and variable. Spinal referred pain, for example, reportedly occurs in 17%–84% of patients with low back pain (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2151985/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17173608/). 👉The most physiological phenomenon behind referred pain is convergence. In this theory, the convergence of nociceptive afferents on second-order neurons in the spinal cord leads to the occurrence of pain in different somatic areas, like “crossed telephone lines” (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26098437/ , https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14598130/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17565398/) (Figure 2). 👉 While the convergence of sensory afferents at the subcortical level has been confirmed in an animal study (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37077575/), referred pain can be considered the central sensitization of convergent neurons. A classic example is the convergence of C1–C3 spinal nerves, where trigeminal input results in migraine and cervicogenic headache (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3194065/). 📷 Figure 1: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11916-017-0632-x 📷 Figure 2: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2023.1104817/full The neurophysiological schematic model of “central sensitization” in humans. Local pain will excite the pathway mediating nocicepton upward to the dorsal horn, while a sensitization process is initiated at the same time. The release of sensitizing substances will cause the opening of latent synaptic connections to the neurons mediating nociception from the referred area. Both the direct excitation of the involved neurons and the facilitation of afferent input in the referred area will result in the perception of referred pain. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16997767/ SUNSHINE ® SUPER SPECIALITY PHYSIOTHERAPY CLINIC - #DrParthiban #Sunshinephysioclinic.in #Physiotherapyclinicintambaram DR.M.P. PARTHIBAN.M.P.T (Ortho), Chief Orthopedic Physiotherapist, Call for Appointments: - 9345122177 East Tambaram, CHENNAI